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English for General Purposes

Bagian ini mencakup kajian Bahasa Inggris dasar yang terdiri dari kelas-kelas kata, frasa, klausa dan kalimat, tense, dll.

graph TD
    S[SENTENCE]
    NP1[Noun Phrase]
    Det1[Determiner]
    NP2[Noun Phrase]
    Det2[Determiner]
    Conj[Conjunction]
    NP3[Noun Phrase]
    VP[Verb Phrase]
    V[Verb]
    Verb[Attend]
    NP4[Noun Phrase]
    Det3[Determiner]
    N1[Noun]
    N2[Noun]
    N3[Noun]
    Determiner1[The]
    Determiner2[The]
    Determiner3[The]
    Conjunction[and]
    Noun1[Lecturer]
    Noun2[Students]
    Noun3[Class]

    S-->NP1
    S-->VP
    NP1-->NP2
    NP1--->Conj
    Conj-->Conjunction
    NP1-->NP3
    NP2-->Det1
    Det1-->Determiner1
    NP2-->N1
    N1-->Noun1
    NP3-->Det2
    Det2-->Determiner2
    NP3-->N2
    N2-->Noun2
    VP--->V
    V-->Verb
    VP-->NP4
    NP4-->Det3
    Det3-->Determiner3
    NP4-->N3
    N3-->Noun3

Word Classes

Word classes, or parts of speech, categorize words based on their role in a sentence. Learning about word classes helps you understand how words work together, improves your vocabulary, enhances reading comprehension, and strengthens your writing skills. It's essential for effective communication in any language.

Phrases

Phrases are groups of words that work together to convey meaning but do not have a subject and a predicate. Learning about phrases helps you understand how words are organized in sentences and how to construct clear and varied sentences in your writing. It also improves your reading comprehension and helps you become a better writer by allowing you to create well-structured and coherent sentences.

Clauses & Sentences

A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. A sentence, on the other hand, is a group of words that contains at least one independent clause and expresses a complete idea. Learning about clauses and sentences is essential for effective communication in any language. Understanding clauses helps you grasp the basic building blocks of sentences, enabling you to construct coherent and grammatically correct statements. By studying sentence structure, you gain the ability to convey your thoughts clearly, organize your ideas logically, and express complex concepts. Moreover, a strong command of clauses and sentences enhances your reading and listening comprehension, allowing you to understand and interpret written texts and spoken language more effectively. Ultimately, mastering clauses and sentences empowers you to become a confident and proficient communicator.

Tenses & Aspects

Tense refers to the time of an action or event (past, present, or future), while aspect refers to the way the action or event is viewed or experienced (such as ongoing, completed, or repeated). Learning tense and aspect is important because they play a fundamental role in understanding and expressing actions and events in language. They help you convey when something happened, is happening, or will happen, as well as the duration, completion, or repetition of those actions. By mastering tense and aspect, you can communicate more accurately and effectively, conveying the intended meaning and timeline of events in your writing and speech.

timeline
    title Tenses Timeline
    Past : Past Perfect
        : Past Continuous
        : Simple Past
        : Past Perfect Continuous
    Present : Present Perfect
        : Simple Present
        : Present Continuous
        : Present Perfect Continuous
    Future : Simple Future
        : Future Continuous
        : Future Perfect
        : Future Perfect Continuous

English for Specific-Academic Purposes

Academic text production addresses the presentation and the dissemination of scholarly-processed and scientific-based findings and results of academic discourses1.

English Proficiency Test

Translation

Neurolinguistics & Psychologuistics

Psycholinguistics is the discipline that investigates and describes the psychological processes that make it possible for humans to master and use language2. It simply addresses the questions of how speakers put pre-linguistic concepts into words, and then combine these words to larger units in order to produce the oral or written output, and how a listener parses the auditory or visual input into meaningful units and arrives at an understanding of the input3.

Semantics & Pragmatics

Broadly known, semantics is defined as the study of meaning4 while pragmatics covers how utterances – with all their linguistic and non-linguistic properties – are understood5. While semantics relies on literal meaning, pragmatics heavily relies on context6.

Pedagogical Approaches and Methods

Research Design & Methodology

Research design mengacu pada rencana atau strategi keseluruhan yang digunakan untuk mengatur dan menjalankan penelitian. Ini mencakup struktur dan rencana umum yang akan diikuti dalam penelitian. Research design melibatkan pemilihan dan pengorganisasian elemen-elemen penting dalam penelitian, seperti tujuan penelitian, pertanyaan penelitian, metode pengumpulan data, ukuran sampel, dan analisis data. Selanjutnya, research methodology mengacu kepada pendekatan sistematis dan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian. Ini mencakup langkah-langkah konkret yang diambil oleh peneliti untuk mengumpulkan, menganalisis, dan menafsirkan data. Metodologi penelitian melibatkan teknik-teknik yang diterapkan dalam penelitian, alat-alat pengumpulan data, pendekatan analisis, dan interpretasi temuan.


  1. Stolze, R. (2004). Quality in academic text production. Perspectives, 12(1), 11–19. doi:10.1080/0907676x.2004.9961487 ↩︎

  2. Ratner, N. B., & Gleason, J. B. (2004). Psycholinguistics. Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, 1199–1204. doi:10.1016/b978-008045046-9.01893-3 ↩︎

  3. Klabunde, R. (2001). Computational Psycholinguistics. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2465–2470. doi:10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/00542-8 ↩︎

  4. Hurford, J.R., Heasley, B., & Smith, M.B. (2007). Semantics: A Coursebook. Cambridge University Press. ↩︎

  5. Wharton, T. (2009). Pragmatics and Nov-verbal Communication. Cambridge University Press. ↩︎

  6. Cruse, A. (2006). Meaning in Language: An introduction to semantics and pragmatics. Oxford University Press. ↩︎